![]() Emotions are what make us who we are, be it positive or negative. So, what is the best mindset to apply in real life? Realism seems like the obvious answer, but we must not forget that we are human. ![]() Exercises in this program include: Sharing valuable inputs on the meaning of realistic optimism. It is a set of activities aimed at increasing awareness about positive thinking and optimism among young respondents. Pessimism can prepare us for the worst, but it can also lead us down a path of despair and depression. Realistic Optimism was a part of the Umbrella Project, a popular emotional awareness program for schoolchildren. While optimism can makes us feel hopeful, it can make us ignore negative emotions and lead to mental health issues. It is the hopeful, buoyant, cheerful attitude of mind that wins. Seligman recommends Albert Ellis’s ABC technique in Learned Optimism, and it doesn’t hurt to know more about the cognitive distortions that need to be changed. There are a few ways to improve your optimism. ![]() Instead of worrying about what you cannot control, shift your energy to what you can create. Learned optimism is the idea that these can be addressed. The debate over optimism, pessimism and realism has been going on for many years. No matter what happens, I feel you must move forward with optimism and not get totally sideswiped. Converging evidence from psychology, physiology, psychiatry and neurology say the right hemisphere of the brain mediates pessimistic ideas and the left hemisphere generates the optimistic attitudes Striking a balance Realistic Optimism, Unrealistic Optimism and Pessimism in Relation to Risks and Satisfaction with Life on a New Scale.
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![]() ![]() He regularly repairs and repurposes old computers and hardware for whatever new project is at hand. He enjoys DIY projects, especially if they involve technology. He also uses Proxmox to self-host a variety of services, including a Jellyfin Media Server, an Airsonic music server, a handful of game servers, NextCloud, and two Windows virtual machines. He has been running video game servers from home for more than 10 years using Windows, Ubuntu, or Raspberry Pi OS. Nick's love of tinkering with computers extends beyond work. In college, Nick made extensive use of Fortran while pursuing a physics degree. Before How-To Geek, he used Python and C++ as a freelance programmer. He has been using computers for 20 years - tinkering with everything from the UI to the Windows registry to device firmware. Nick Lewis is a staff writer for How-To Geek. Nearly 400,000 subscribers received the newsletter complete with a handwritten tip every day. He gave advice on dark web scans on Miami's NBC 6, discussed Windows XP's demise on WGN-TV's Midday News in Chicago, and shared his CES experiences on WJR-AM's Guy Gordon Show in Detroit.Ĭhris also ran MakeUseOf's email newsletter for two years. In addition to his extensive writing experience, Chris has been interviewed as a technology expert on TV news and radio shows. The company's project was later reportedly shut down by the U.S. A wave of negative publicity ensued, with coverage on BuzzFeed News, CNBC, the BBC, and TechCrunch. At CES 2018, he broke the news about Kodak's "KashMiner" Bitcoin mining scheme with a viral tweet. Starting in 2015, Chris attended the Computer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas for five years running. His work has even appeared on the front page of Reddit.Īrticles he's written have been used as a source for everything from books like Team Human by Douglas Rushkoff, media theory professor at the City University of New York's Queens College and CNN contributor, to university textbooks and even late-night TV shows like Comedy Central's with Chris Hardwick. His roundups of new features in Windows 10 updates have been called "the most detailed, useful Windows version previews of anyone on the web" and covered by prominent Windows journalists like Paul Thurrott and Mary Jo Foley on TWiT's Windows Weekly. Instructional tutorials he's written have been linked to by organizations like The New York Times, Wirecutter, Lifehacker, the BBC, CNET, Ars Technica, and John Gruber's Daring Fireball. The news he's broken has been covered by outlets like the BBC, The Verge, Slate, Gizmodo, Engadget, TechCrunch, Digital Trends, ZDNet, The Next Web, and Techmeme. Beyond the column, he wrote about everything from Windows to tech travel tips. He founded PCWorld's "World Beyond Windows" column, which covered the latest developments in open-source operating systems like Linux and Chrome OS. He also wrote the USA's most-saved article of 2021, according to Pocket.Ĭhris was a PCWorld columnist for two years. Beyond the web, his work has appeared in the print edition of The New York Times (September 9, 2019) and in PCWorld's print magazines, specifically in the August 2013 and July 2013 editions, where his story was on the cover. With over a decade of writing experience in the field of technology, Chris has written for a variety of publications including The New York Times, Reader's Digest, IDG's PCWorld, Digital Trends, and MakeUseOf. Chris has personally written over 2,000 articles that have been read more than one billion times-and that's just here at How-To Geek. ![]() After enabling Stereo Mix, you can use any audio-recording program, and just select "Stereo Mix" as the input device instead of the usual "line-in" or "microphone" option.Ĭhris Hoffman is the former Editor-in-Chief of How-To Geek. On modern versions of Windows, Stereo Mix is generally disabled by default - even if your sound drivers support it, though you can reenable the Stereo Mix audio source on Windows. If it is included with your drivers, you can select Stereo Mix (instead of a microphone or audio line-in input), and then force any application to record the same sound that your computer is outputting from its speakers or headphones. Stereo Mix is sometimes called "What U Hear." It's a special recording option that your sound drivers might provide. Record Audio from Computer with Stereo Mix or What U Hear The first three options use only software, and the third relies on an old trick that connects your computer's audio output to its audio input with an audio cable. You can record the sound coming from your PC in numerous ways, and we're going to show you some of the best we've found. Queens around (60 Queens) – four Queens, different suits – 6 or 60 points Kings around (80 Kings) – four Kings, different suits – 8 or 80 points “Arounds”Īces around (100 Aces) – four Aces, different suits – 10 or 100 points There are various types of melds which players can create including arounds, flushes, marriages, and pinochle. Melds are made of particular card combinations, each combination having its own point value. MELDINGĪfter the passing of cards, all four players can place their melds on the table. After, they send back four cards to their partner, which can include sending back some cards they just received. The declarer (winner of the bid) adds those four cards to hand and examines them. The winner’s partner selects exactly four cards to pass to their partner. The winner of the bid and their partner have the right to exchange cards. OR pass with help, which means you pass but you are giving extra information to your partner.Īfter the winner emerges, they announce the trump suit.give a jump bid, and bid 20 points higher than the previous bid.bid normally, by bidding 10 points higher than the previous bid.Starting to the left of the dealer, and moving clockwise, player’s have the following options during bidding: The bid goes around the table until each player passes and a winner is declared. Bids increase by factors of 10 and consist only of a number. The minimum bid players must make is 250 points. The player who bids the highest, or the winner of the bid, has the following perks: THE AUCTION/THE BIDĪ bid is a prediction of the number of points your hand might earn. The remainder of the deck is placed face-down on the table and is the stockpile. ![]() High ranking trump cards beat other trump cards. The suit of this card is the trump suit and all cards of that suit beat cards of all other suits. *If playing without bidding, after the deal, the dealer flips over the top card of the deck and places it face-up on the table. Once each player has their hand, they examine their cards and prepare for the auction or bidding phase. The deal starts to the left of the dealer and moves clockwise, ending with their own set of cards. They then will shuffle the cards thoroughly and distribute 12 cards to each player, 3 or 4 cards at a time. THE DEALĪ dealer may be chosen by whatever method players wish. When these cards are valued at 0 points, they are referred to as noncounters. The mechanism of scoring must be mutually agreed upon before the deal and the play. There are several methods of scoring which will be outlined below in the scoring section, some of which include Q, J, 9 as both being worth points and as NOT being worth points. Ace is high, followed by 10, and K, and are often referred to as counters. Meaning these cards are always worth points. These cards, however, do not follow the traditional ranking. In each of the four suits, the deck has two of each: A, K, Q, J, 10, and 9. German immigrants who adopted the game mispronounced it as “pinochle” and brought that name with them to America where the game subsequently spread. Non-French speakers adopted the name ‘Binocle’ for the game, which means eyeglasses in French. The game’s origin is from the French game Bezique. Unexpectedly, it also has similarities to the popular kid’s game War. Pinochle is a trick-taking and melding card game with components similar to Bridge, Euchre, Spades, and Hearts. NUMBER OF PLAYERS: 2-4 Players (4 players play with partners) OBJECTIVE OF PINOCHLE: Win tricks and collect the most points. ![]()
![]() Quillbot is a free extension that helps you replace words with their alternatives from the Thesaurus with just a click. Or you can click the extension icon in the menu bar to type the word manually and search the Thesaurus. You can check the Thesaurus using this extension by either selecting a word or right-clicking the selection. ![]() It can help you improve your writing by making it super-easy to find similar, more powerful words to replace your weak words. Power Thesaurus is a free extension that can show you the antonyms and synonyms without leaving the web page you found the word on. You can select any paragraph and right-click the selection to check it for plagiarism. Plagiarism Checker is a free extension that checks the text for plagiarism. With its user-friendly interface and integration with Google Docs, the Scribbr extension provides valuable assistance to students, helping them produce well-written, properly formatted, and academically sound papers. It also includes a citation generator that assists with creating accurate citations in various citation styles. This extension offers a range of features designed to enhance the writing process, including grammar checks, feedback on clarity and style, and suggestions for improving sentence structure. The Scribbr Chrome extension is a helpful tool for students looking to improve their academic writing. Whether it’s online articles, e-books, or research materials, the ReadAloud extension makes it easier for users to absorb information, proofread their own work, or simply enjoy a hands-free reading experience. It offers customizable settings for voice selection, reading speed, and highlighting options, allowing users to tailor the reading experience to their preferences. With this extension, users can have web pages and documents read out loud to them in a natural-sounding voice. The ReadAloud Chrome extension is a handy tool for enhancing reading and comprehension. It also expands your vocabulary while writing fluently and spending less time editing your work. You clarify your intentions and get the best results you want from your readers. With Wordtune, you write an improved clear message or content with confidence. Its AI-powered suggestions provide an in-depth understanding of the context and semantics, offering a new wave of capabilities to give you the right words and tone you need to emphasize to your readers. Wordtune is an AI-powered writing companion that helps you write compelling content, authentic, and with better clarity. You can use Outwrite in Google Docs, iOS, Edge, WordPress, or any other blogging platform and social network site. This is not only available in Chrome though. It even offers style and structure suggestions for comprehensive writing purposes. Outwrite for Chrome also comes with a paraphrasing tool. It also works as a grammar and spelling checker, plagiarism checker, thesaurus, punctuation checker, and writing statistics for enhanced readability. Outwrite for Chrome is a multifunctional writing tool that helps both the teacher and the student in creating compelling content for various purposes. It works with Gmail, Google Docs, Facebook, Reddit, and almost all other sites. The free version of Ginger allows you to fix almost all basic grammar mistakes in your writing across the Internet. It also allows you to translate the text with just a click. It also helps you get suggestions for clarity and rephrasing sentences. It allows you to fix grammar mistakes with just a click. Ginger is one of the most popular grammar-checking tools on the Internet. Over the years, the software has been enhanced with innovative functionality to give you the most complete and accurate link profiles of your site and the sites of your competitors.SEO SpyGlass mac crack through a comparison table to contrast and highlight the differences between two versions of SEO SpyGlass: Professional and Enterprise. To make sure your list of backlinks is unbeatable, the tool also allows you to obtain links directly from Google Analytics and Google Search ConsoleSEO SpyGlass 2019 Mac can easily handle one of the main SEO tasks of researching backlinks. Over the years, the software has been enhanced with innovative functionality to give you the most complete and accurate link profiles of your site and the sites of your competitors.SEO SpyGlass Key Find all the links to any domain with the most recent backlink index on the web, SEO PowerSuite Link Explorer, exclusive to SEO SpyGlass. ![]() You can easily manage one of the main tasks of SEO: the investigation of backlinks. Software for research and audit of backlinks. Delve into the outstanding features of SEO SpyGlass: discover how the software helps you design the most intelligent link building strategies to master online. Custom complex filters can be applied to any workspace tab.SEO SpyGlass Crack: is a powerful software for research and audit of backlinks. The workspaces in both are fully customizable and allow creating multiple tabs and adding/removing any columns to display all kinds of factors conveniently. In the Linking Domains module you can quickly switch between all domains, new or lost ones, dofollow/nofollow or linking from homepage, and additionally set the program to show all TLDs or filter out any specific one.īoth modules let you quickly export the currently visible results into CSV (in Enterprise version) or copy the data from the workspace manually. ![]() In the Backlinks module, you can switch between all backlinks, new or lost ones, dofollow/nofollow, links from homepage, text/images links. The workspaces in both modules are tables with the list of backlinks/linking domains and their characteristics in the columns.īoth workspaces also have a dropdown with the predefined filters to quickly sort the links/domains. The preferred statistical source for the widget will be the same as it's set for the Summarymodule and can be changed anytime under Preferences > Project Preferences. The widget can be hidden with the button below to maximize the workspace. In both modules, you'll see the Summary widget showing the number of links/linking domains (except for lost or disavowed ones), a progress graph, and a link/domain type diagram. ![]() ![]() For in-depth analysis of your backlink profile, turn to Backlinks and Linking Domains modules under Backlink Profile in your SEO SpyGlass project. ![]() In conclusion, the United Kingdom IPTV M3U Playlist offers a fantastic opportunity for viewers to access a diverse range of entertainment options without incurring any costs. Once the download is complete, open the file, and voila! The channels will begin streaming on your device. In a moment, the M3U file will initiate its download. ![]() ![]() Simply replicate the IPTV channel’s URL link and access it through your web browser. Your built-in media player is fully capable of playing the M3U file on your laptop, ensuring a seamless viewing experience without any glitches. You don’t have to install any external media player to enjoy IPTV channels on your Windows, iOS, or Linux device. Stream IPTV Channels on your PC/ Laptop (Windows/ iOS/ Linux) m3u file and open it to ensure proper playback. m3u file doesn’t open as expected, simply select the “ +” icon within your media player. This will automatically redirect you to your media player, initiating the streaming of the IPTV channel without delay. Next, access the provided link using your web browser to access the IPTV M3U Playlists. Install any of the aforementioned applications on your smartphone or Smart TV. PLAYit – All-in-one media player for Android.If you have already installed one, refer to the subsequent instructions to initiate IPTV channel playback. m3u files seamlessly on your mobile, smart TV, PC, or laptop.Įnsure you acquire one of the M3U media players listed below for your Android/iOS device or Smart TV. How to Watch United Kingdom IPTV Channels?įor individuals unfamiliar with the process of playing UK IPTV Channels on their devices, below are some highly recommended approaches that can assist you in playing. Shortly thereafter, the channels will commence streaming, allowing you to enjoy your preferred shows. Once the download is complete, click on the downloaded m3u file to open it in your media player. Simply paste the URLs provided above into your mobile or PC browser, and the file will initiate the download process. (5000+ Channels*) Free IPTV M3U Playlist Links UK IPTV M3U M3U Playlist Channel Links (Updated – December 13, 2023)Īdditional links will be available shortly. VLC Media Player is highly recommended for this purpose and is accessible on Mobile, SmartTV, and PC platforms. To play them, you’ll require a media player capable of handling. Note: Please be aware that these URLs are contained within the. Waste no more time and proceed to download the UK IPTV M3U links. Presently, there are over 480 channels available in the United Kingdom, offering a wide array of content including movies, live sports, news, TV shows, music, and a variety of exclusive programs.īelow, you’ll find a compilation of UK channels that you can access through the utilization of IPTV M3U Playlist Links:įurthermore, the M3U channel links for UK IPTV offer over 200 live channels that are readily available for streaming on your mobile device, smart TV, computer, or laptop. Remember, these words can help your text flow better: now, however, but, also, and, because. But if you only want a link for UK channels, you’re in the right place. These M3U links have channels from different regions and languages. With the IPTV M3U Playlist, you can watch live TV channels using your Mobile, Smart TV, PC, or Laptop. ![]() ![]() These locations are the equivalent of the shortcuts that sit in a column to the left of the Start menu in Windows 10. This option gives you easy access to some common locations in the file system without the need to open File Explorer first. You can't hide the Recommended section, but you can use the switches on that page to hide shortcuts that would otherwise appear.Īlso: How much RAM does your Windows 11 PC need?Īt the bottom of the page, click Folders and you'll find a menu that lets you add shortcuts to the bottom of the Start menu, in the space to the left of the Power button. Use the options at the top to change the allotment of space between the Pinned and Recommended sections. To make the Start menu a bit more useful, go to Settings > Personalization > Start > and make a few customizations. At the bottom of the menu are your profile picture and a power button - and that's it. It has a section for pinned icons at the top, and below that is a section for shortcuts to apps and documents you've used recently. And if you create a new Microsoft account as part of the Windows 11 setup, it's not linked to any existing phone number or email address, which means the address can't be used to track your online activity.Ĭompared to its predecessors, the Windows 11 Start menu is severely simplified. You're not required to use your Microsoft-supplied email address for anything but this single purpose. You can use Microsoft's account recovery tools to access your encrypted data if you forget your password.Īnd, of course, if you have a Microsoft 365 Family or Personal subscription that uses your Microsoft account, you get access to Office apps and a terabyte of cloud storage.Īlso: These 5 major tech advances of 2023 were the biggest game-changers.You can turn on encryption for your system drive, even if you're using the Windows 11 Home edition (to make sure encryption is turned on, go to Settings > Privacy & Security > Device Encryption).You can turn on two-factor authentication and Windows Hello, which allows you to sign in using fingerprint or face-recognition hardware.Using a Microsoft account gives you three advantages you can't get with a plain-vanilla local account: But it's the wrong choice these days, at least if you care about security. Old-timers will probably prefer a local account because it's what they've used for decades. CloseĪlso: The best Windows laptop you can buy: Dell, Samsung, Lenovo, and more If you see inaccuracies in our content, please report the mistake via this form. If we have made an error or published misleading information, we will correct or clarify the article. ![]() Our editors thoroughly review and fact-check every article to ensure that our content meets the highest standards. Our goal is to deliver the most accurate information and the most knowledgeable advice possible in order to help you make smarter buying decisions on tech gear and a wide array of products and services. ZDNET's editorial team writes on behalf of you, our reader. Indeed, we follow strict guidelines that ensure our editorial content is never influenced by advertisers. Neither ZDNET nor the author are compensated for these independent reviews. ![]() This helps support our work, but does not affect what we cover or how, and it does not affect the price you pay. When you click through from our site to a retailer and buy a product or service, we may earn affiliate commissions. And we pore over customer reviews to find out what matters to real people who already own and use the products and services we’re assessing. We gather data from the best available sources, including vendor and retailer listings as well as other relevant and independent reviews sites. ZDNET's recommendations are based on many hours of testing, research, and comparison shopping. ![]() I wondered what would prompt somebody from the Bronx to write an enigmatic tune about Vienna. I came across Joel’s 1977 track “Vienna” a few years ago. The film follows Jenna as she navigates her newfound adulthood and learns important lessons about friendship, love, and the importance of being true to oneself. After her wish comes true, she wakes up as a successful magazine editor in New York City, but realizes she has lost touch with her childhood friends and family. ![]() The romantic comedy film, released in 2004, stars Jennifer Garner as Jenna Rink, a 13-year-old girl who wishes to be 30 years old. A final reason for the recent popularity of Billy Joel’s Vienna on Tick Tock, most notably with a young female following, may be the movie “13 going on 30”. Additionally, the song’s themes of appreciating life’s simple pleasures and enjoying the moment have resonated with many TikTok users, who are using the platform to share their perspectives and experiences. Another reason is the creative freedom that TikTok offers its users, allowing them to create short videos set to the song’s music, often incorporating lip-syncing, dancing, and other visual effects. One factor is the song’s catchy melody and nostalgic feel, making it appealing to a new generation of listeners. It’s newfound popularity with the younger generation is attributed to various reasons. The song is currently undergoing a resurgence on Tick Tock. Why has Billy Joel’s classic Vienna recently become so popular on Tick Tock? “Vienna” has also been covered by various artists, including most Australian singer and songwriter Gretta Ray’s most recent release, and continues to be a beloved classic of Billy Joel’s discography. It has been included on numerous compilation albums and remains one of his most popular songs. The song was well-received by fans and critics alike and has been a staple of Billy Joel’s live performances over the years. Joel sings about the importance of appreciating life’s beauty in simple moments, such as “waiting for the rain to fall.” The song’s title, “Vienna,” is used as a metaphor for the elegance and sophistication one can find in the simpler things in life. ![]() The song features a piano-driven melody and introspective lyrics that speak to the idea that life moves quickly and that youth and innocence are fleeting. “Vienna” is a melancholic ballad that is widely regarded as one of Billy Joel’s signature songs.
![]() I was quite surprised then :D.Īnyway, if you don't feel like doing that (you should do it), trust me (which you should not) and are ok with a (probably) relatively old version of the binary (I don't know whether it still even works, I haven't used netflix in quite some time now), you can get it here: Spoofed my user agent to something containing CrOS and it magically worked. Then I just replaced my libwidevinecdm.so with the new one. This is probably the location on Google Chrome installs under GNU/Linux as well. I believe it was somewhere in /opt/google or something like that. I mounted the rootfs of the installation image and located the libwidevinecdm.so file. I created a CrOS installation image for an x86_64 chromebook (not sure which one, I looked up a list of x86_64 ones a picked at random) using the official chrome extension (at the time, this was only possible to do from a Windows machine, not sure what the situation is rn). I figured out the relevant library was libwidevinecdm.so, normally located in /usr/lib/chromium/libwidevinecdm.so on Arch Linux with the chromium-widevine AUR package installed. Hulu’s dilemma is exacerbated by the fact that it is almost wholly owned by the major American broadcast networks, who already have their own robust international licensing and sales divisions that aren’t keen on being disrupted.) Though Hulu has made some international attempts, largely through partnerships with existing local services. ![]() As Prime inevitably expands, it will also face these same challenges. It sucks and I’m not defending it, just providing some of the business context.Īmazon is so limited in its international expansion with Prime Video that it hasn’t had to address most of these issues. In order to get more robust licensing (as well as to actually enter certain international markets), Netflix had to prove it was actively enforcing geo limits. This is also one of the main reasons Netflix had to aggressively target VPN users who would access the larger content catalogs in other markets. That was quickly resolved, but it just showcases how hard international licensing can be for content playback, let alone licensing for download. But even then, in the early Netflix international days, there were a few instances where flagship Netflix original content wasn’t available in some markets because that content was actually co-financed by studios that sold the streaming/VOD/rental rights to other traditional networks or local streaming services. One of the reasons Netflix has prioritized its own original content is that it can guarantee it is licensed in all of its markets. So sales teams have to negotiate every single title, often separately, in every single region. The licensing side of entertainment, especially internationally, hasn’t modernized the way you would think it has, and the companies or groups who own a license in one place often don’t own it in another. Although Netflix is doing a better job trying to solidify its library across regions, it has to make separate licensing deals in every single markets in which it operartes. The problem with regions is an even bigger can of worms. From what I was told, the goal was certainly to get all future content as downloadable, but the politics behind that aren’t going to work with every studio.Īmazon has a more-limited library, but it was able to get download support (at least on mobile), early on as part of its contracts. And even then, some Netflix Original content (Marvel), isn’t always available to download. When the feature launched last year, I asked Netflix about this specifically and was told it was about whatever studio agreements they could get. Of course, companies generally don't like giving users details. Click here to change that preference or watch with Safari whose direct rendering means 1080p video using less processor resources." That way, users understand the problem and can decide they don't mind other programs becoming sluggish or the fan running or whatnot. "By default, we only display video with 720p in Chrome due to high processor usage. Maybe it would be better if Netflix were just more transparent about it. They gain money if you keep paying them your monthly fee.ĮDIT: Installing this extension took Chrome CPU usage to 75% for me.Īlso, I'm not saying that users shouldn't be given the choice to use their CPU resources to run Netflix. They don't gain money if you watch one way or another. I don't think Netflix has any interest in you using a proprietary client. With Firefox, it uses about 75% CPU and my fan turns on. In Safari in macOS, Netflix uses about 10% CPU showing 1080p. ![]() Several major advances in civilization have taken place in region in recent centuries. Their achievements will have an enduring impact on world history. The eclipse of these states has allowed new peoples, particularly the Phoenicians and Israelites, to come to the fore. The old powers of the region – Egypt, the Hittites, Assyria and Babylon – have all been devastated by invaders from outside their borders: the “Sea Peoples” from Europe, the Aramaeans from the Syrian desert and the Kuldu (Chaldeans) and other groups from the southern desert. Over the past 500 years, great changes have wracked the Middle East. What is happening in Middle East in 1000BCE Invaders Situated in the Nile valley, Egypt has already produced some of the most famous structures in all history, the great Pyramids of Giza. The second great civilization of the ancient world is now well established. The Sumerians alloy these two metals together to make bronze, which they use in weapons and armour. The spread of trade routes is linked to a demand for tin and copper. This has been carried by the trade networks radiating outwards from the Sumerian cities. Towns and cities are now scattered over a large part of the Middle East, with outlying regions such as Asia Minor and Iran being drawn into the orbit of urban civilization. In the previous thousand years, the influence of Mesopotamian civilization has spread far and wide. What is happening in Middle East in 2500BCE The Sumerians The struggles between them dominate the history of the Middle Eastern world in this period.Ī Panoramic Overview of Early CivilizationsĬhanging Fortunes: Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt These states are home to highly sophisticated – and already ancient – civilizations, with a complex commercial life, bureaucracies, and well-organized armies built around chariot formations. These, together with the New Kingdom of Egypt, form the leading powers of the region. Equipped with this battle-winning technology, they have subjugated local populations to create new states: the Hittite, Mitanni and Babylonian empires. Indo-European speaking tribes have moved in from the northern fringes of the old civilizations and brought with them a new military technology, the chariot. Since then the Middle East has seen many upheavals, particularly in Mesopotamia and surrounding regions. This was the achievement of king Sargon of Akkad, in Mesopotamia, in the late 3rd millennium BCE. The past thousand years have seen the rise of fall of the first true empire in world history. What is happening in Middle East in 1500BCE |
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